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1 ἵλεως
ἵλεως, ων (B-D-F §44, 1; W-S. §8, 8; Rdm. 62; Mlt. 240; Mlt-H. 121.—Hom. et al. as ἵλαος; ἵλεως is the Attic form. Also ins, pap, LXX, JosAs, Philo, Joseph.) pert. to being favorably disposed, with implication of overcoming obstacles that are unfavorable to a relationship, gracious, merciful, in the wider lit. mostly—in our lit. and in LXX always—of God (also Diod S 4, 24, 4; Lucian, Pro Imag. 12; Oenomaus [time of Hadrian] in Eus., PE 5, 19, 1 θεὸς ἵ. ἔσται; 6, 7, 42; M. Ant. 12, 36; Philo; Jos., Ant. 4, 222; 7, 290; SibOr 1, 161) ἵ. ἔσομαι τ. ἀδικίαις αὐτῶν I will be merciful toward their iniquities Hb 8:12 (Jer 38:34). ἵλεώ τινος τυγχάνειν find someone merciful = find mercy in someone’s sight (Herm. Wr. 5, 2; Philo, De Jos. 104) 1 Cl 61:2. ἵ. γενέσθαι τινί be gracious or forgiving to someone (Archilochus, Fgm. 75 Ἥφαιστε, … μοὶ, … ἵλαος γενεῦ; Sallust. 4 p. 10, 4; Num 14:19; Dt 21:8; 2 Macc 2:22) Hv 2, 2, 8. Abs. ἵ. γενέσθαι (Alciphron 4, 18, 17; UPZ 78, 24 [159 B.C.]; Ezk. Trag. vs. 124 [in Eus., PE 9, 29, 11]; TestSol 20:4) 1 Cl 2:3; 48:1; Hs 9, 23, 4.—ἵλεώς σοι, κύριε (sc. εἴη ὁ θεός, as, in a related way, Herodas 4, 25; Plut., Mor. 983e ἵλεως ὁ θεὸς εἴη) may God be gracious to you, Lord, i.e. may God in mercy spare you this, God forbid! Mt 16:22 (cp. IGR, 107, 10 ἵλεώς σοι=may [Sarapis] help you; OGI 721, 10; Gen 43:23; 2 Km 20:20; 1 Ch 11:19; JosAs 6:4; ViDa 18 [p. 79, 8 Sch.].—Difft. PKatz, TLZ 82, ’57, 113f (s. also Kratylos 5, ’60, 159) and B-D-F §128, 5. S. Rob. 395f; HMaehler, ZPE 4, ’69, 99f).—DELG s.v. ἱλάσκομαι 1. M-M. TW.
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